China's AI Agent Boom Transforms Global Tech Landscape

China is experiencing a remarkable surge in AI agent development, driven by startups like Manus that have redefined what autonomous digital assistants can achieve. Unlike traditional chatbots that simply respond to queries, these AI agents are designed to execute complex, multistep tasks such as booking flights, managing schedules, conducting research, and even designing websites. This shift marks a new phase in the AI revolution, focusing on practical automation rather than mere interaction.

Manus, developed by Wuhan-based Butterfly Effect, ignited this wave with its limited release in early 2025, sparking intense social media interest and setting a benchmark for general AI agents. Its browser-based sandbox allows users to supervise the agent’s actions in real time, offering transparency and control. Manus’s ability to ask clarifying questions and retain long-term memory enhances its utility as a virtual assistant capable of handling diverse everyday tasks.

Following Manus, competitors like Genspark and Flowith have emerged, each pushing the boundaries of AI agent capabilities. Genspark integrates multiple language models and APIs to perform tasks ranging from creating presentations to making phone calls, boasting millions of users and significant revenue. Flowith introduces a novel, nonlinear interaction model using mind-map-like structures, encouraging creative and flexible AI engagement. Both companies target international markets, highlighting the global ambition of Chinese AI innovators.

Despite this momentum, China’s strict internet regulations and firewall restrictions limit access to leading Western AI models like Anthropic’s Claude, which Manus currently uses. This has led startups to explore domestic alternatives such as Alibaba’s Qwen model series, though these often lag behind in performance. Consequently, many AI agent startups prioritize overseas markets where they can operate without such constraints and tap into higher-paying customers.

Meanwhile, China’s tech giants are preparing to embed AI agents directly into their super-app ecosystems. ByteDance’s Coze Space and Tencent’s plans to integrate agents into WeChat aim to leverage vast user bases and interconnected mini-programs, potentially overcoming the interoperability challenges that have historically fragmented China’s digital landscape. This super-app approach could accelerate AI adoption by seamlessly integrating automation into daily digital activities.

The race to define the most effective AI agent is intensifying, with startups and established companies alike experimenting with different interaction models, integrations, and functionalities. China’s unique environment—characterized by rapid product cycles, digitally savvy users, and tightly integrated app ecosystems—positions it as a potential leader in embedding AI agents into everyday life. However, navigating regulatory and technical challenges remains critical for sustained growth.

For businesses and developers, this evolving landscape offers exciting opportunities to harness AI agents for enhanced productivity and user engagement. Whether it’s automating complex workflows, personalizing digital experiences, or integrating AI into existing platforms, the innovations emerging from China’s AI agent boom are reshaping what’s possible in the global AI ecosystem.