AirPlay Security Flaws Risk Malware Spread on Home and Car Networks

Recent research by cybersecurity firm Oligo has revealed critical vulnerabilities in Apple’s AirPlay protocol and software development kit (SDK) that could allow hackers to compromise devices and spread malware across local networks. These vulnerabilities, collectively referred to as “AirBorne,” pose significant risks to both home networks and connected CarPlay systems.

Two of the identified bugs are “wormable,” meaning that once an attacker gains access to one AirPlay device on a network, they can potentially take control of it and automatically spread malware to other devices connected to the same network. However, attackers must already be on the same local network to initiate these attacks, which limits but does not eliminate the threat.

Beyond malware propagation, the vulnerabilities enable remote code execution (RCE), allowing hackers to run malicious code on targeted devices. This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive files, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, and even manipulation of device features such as displaying unauthorized images or eavesdropping through microphones on smart speakers.

The scope of the risk extends to CarPlay systems in vehicles. Oligo’s research indicates that attackers could exploit similar vulnerabilities to execute RCE attacks on CarPlay devices, especially if the car’s Wi-Fi hotspot uses default or predictable passwords. Consequences include displaying unauthorized content on infotainment screens and tracking the vehicle’s location.

Apple has released patches to address these vulnerabilities for both its own devices and some third-party AirPlay products. However, many third-party manufacturers control their own patching processes, which can delay or complicate updates. This leaves a large number of devices potentially exposed, especially on public networks or home environments where users may not have applied the latest security updates.

Given the widespread use of AirPlay-enabled devices—including tens of millions of third-party speakers, home theater systems, and TVs—and the availability of CarPlay in over 800 vehicle models, the potential impact of these vulnerabilities is extensive. Users and organizations should prioritize updating all AirPlay and CarPlay devices and implement network security best practices to mitigate risks.

Protecting Your Network Against AirPlay Vulnerabilities

To safeguard your home or vehicle network from AirPlay-related threats, consider the following measures:

• Regularly update all Apple and third-party AirPlay devices with the latest security patches.
• Avoid connecting AirPlay-enabled devices to unsecured or public Wi-Fi networks.
• Change default passwords on vehicle Wi-Fi hotspots and use strong, unique credentials.
• Implement network segmentation to isolate critical devices from general network traffic.

By understanding these vulnerabilities and taking proactive steps, users can significantly reduce the risk of malware spread and unauthorized access through AirPlay and CarPlay systems.